Imagine that: examining the influence of sport-related imagined contact on intergroup anxiety and sexual prejudice across cultures Author Woojun Lee, George Cunningham Publication Year 2014 Type Journal Article Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine (a) the relationship among sport-related imagined intergroup contact, intergroup anxiety, and sexual prejudice, and (b) how these relationships varied across cultures. Students enrolled at major public universities in South Korea (n=100) and the United States (n=100) participated in an experiment in which they imagined playing basketball and then engaging in a conversation with a gay man or with a friend. They then responded to a post-experiment questionnaire. South Koreans' intergroup anxiety significantly decreased when they imagined contact with a gay man, but the same was not necessarily the case for Americans. Intergroup anxiety mediated the relationship between imagined contact and sexual prejudice for Americans, but not for Koreans. Keywords intergroup anxiety, sexual prejudice, gay men, contact, basketball Journal Journal of Applied Social Psychology Volume 44 Pages 557–566 Type of Article Journal Article DOI 10.1111/jasp.12247 Full text The following is an excerpt of the intervention methodology. For more information, please see the full text of the article on the publisher's website or through your institution's library. Students (N = 200) enrolled at major public universities in South Korea (n = 100) and the United States (n = 100) participated in the study. The overall sample included 126 men (63%) and 74 women (37%), and the mean age was 20.88 years (standard deviation [SD] = 2.67). The South Korean sample included 62 men (62%) and 38 women (38%), with a mean age of 20.91 years (SD = 1.17). The U.S. sample included 36 women (36%) and 64 men (64%), with a mean age of 20.84 years (SD = 3.40). Procedure Questionnaire packets (i.e., a cover letter explaining the purpose of the study and a questionnaire) were distributed at the end of the class period to undergraduate students enrolled in kinesiology classes in a South Korea university and a U.S. university. In both countries, participants were randomly assigned into two different groups, the experimental group (imagined contact situation) and the control group. In following the designs of previous imagined contact research (e.g., Turner, Crisp et al., 2007), the experimental group was assigned to take 5 minutes to imagine the following situation: [Text Stimuli A...] The other group, the control group, was asked to take 5 minutes to imagine playing basketball with his or her best friend. Following this manipulation, participants were asked to complete a post-experiment questionnaire. All responses remained anonymous, and no identifying information was included on the completed questionnaires. Participation was voluntary, and no reward was offered. Participants completed a questionnaire measuring their intergroup anxiety, sexual prejudice, and demographic information (gender, age, country of origin). [...] We measured intergroup anxiety with six items adapted from Stephan and Stephan’s (1985) scale. The revision was to account for the focus on LGBT individuals. [...] A 7-point scale from 1 (not at all) to 7 (extremely) anchored each item. Positively oriented words were reverse coded so higher scores were reflective of greater intergroup anxiety. [...] We used the 10-item Attitudes Toward Lesbians and Gay Men scale developed by Herek (1984) to examine the participants’ level of sexual prejudice. [...] Responses were made on a 7-point Likert-type scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree). [...] Type of Prejudice/Bias Sexuality Country South Korea United States Method Lab Setting College/University Google ScholarDOIBibTeX